BioQuant Xylose

Product description：

Xylose can be used as an internal standard while performing monosaccharide analysis. This allows compensation for any pipetting/sample preparation errors that may have occurred during sample processing. Xylose is a monosaccharide typically found in plants and insects but not mammalian or yeast expression vectors. It should be added to each sample prior to labeling of released monosaccharides with 2-AA.
We recommend the use of the Monomix standard along with the Xylose reference standard when performing monosaccharide analysis. The Monomix monosaccharide standard enables instrument calibration in order to quantitatively determine the monosaccharide components in your glycoprotein.

Form: Dry. Dried by centrifugal evaporation from an aqueous solution.
Amount: 100 nmol

HPLC Analysis of the Monomix Standards with Xylose

HPLC analysis of 2-AA labeled monosaccharides is a robust method for determining monosaccharide levels in your glycoprotein sample. There are some important issues that need to be understood to enable effective data interpretation.

1. Each monosaccharide has a different fluorescence yield per nmol. A standard curve of monosaccharide concentration versus fluorescence needs to be determined.

2. Free dye is not removed from the samples after 2-AA labeling to ensure no monosaccharides are lost in a dye clean-up stage. Free dye elutes as a large off-scale peak at about 15 minutes and also several large peaks after 28 minutes.

3. N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylgalactosamine are both de-N-acetylated during the acid hydrolysis step of this process to produce glucosamine and galactosamine respectively.

4. Glucosamine is subject to an approximate 4 % epimerisation resulting in mannosamine (Figure 2). Mannosamine elutes immediately before the galactosamine peak, with no baseline resolution.

5. Galactosamine also produces an epimer peak, typically smaller than 2 %. However this epimer peak often elutes with the free dye peak.

6. The use of xylose as an internal standard allows samples to be compared directly. This allows compensation for any pipetting/sample preparation errors that may have occurred during sample processing.

7. Sample stability – we recommend keeping labeled samples in the freezer at -20 °C if you intend to store them for longer than one week.

2AA-labeled monosaccharide standards profiled on UHPLC column.Peaks for the following monosaccharides appear within 8 minutes; glucosamine (GlcN), galactosamine (GalN), galactose (Gal), mannose (Man), glucose (Glc), xylose (Xyl) and fucose (Fuc).