异硫氰酸荧光素-葡聚糖

一般描述

葡聚糖是一种脱水葡萄糖的聚合物。它由大约95％的α-D-(166)键组成。剩余的(163)连接依靠葡聚糖的支链。关于支链长度的矛盾数据意味着平均的支链长度小于三个葡萄糖单位。然而，其他方法表明存在大于50个葡萄糖单元的支链。已发现天然葡聚糖的分子量（MW）在900万至5亿的范围内。较低分子量的葡聚糖将表现出略微更少的支链化并具有更窄的分子量分布范围。分子量大于10,000的葡聚糖会表现的像是高度支链化的一样。随着分子量的增加，葡聚糖分子会获得更好的对称性。分子量为2,000至10,0

应用

FITC-葡聚糖可广泛用于利用微荧光法的微循环和细胞渗透性研究。FITC-葡聚糖已被用于研究植物细胞壁的孔隙率以及毛细管的渗透性。血浆蛋白已证明不会与FITC-葡聚糖结合。 FITC-葡聚糖作为荧光通量示踪剂化合物，可被用于心血管、微循环、灌注、细胞单层和细胞膜通透性研究，支持血流、膜损伤、血管引流和肾脏消除等过程的测量。 小的FITC-葡聚糖也可用于测量内吞作用和细胞连接通透性等过程。荧光素-葡聚糖，150kDa可助力于血脑屏障（BBB）的完整性评估以及进行荧光微淋巴造影（FML）。 荧光素-葡聚糖150可用作微循环血管通量示踪剂。 用异硫氰酸荧光素标记的葡聚糖可用于动物的灌注研究。

制备说明

通常以25 mg/ml或更高的浓度测试FITC葡聚糖在水中的溶解度。溶液应避光保存。在体内，FITC-葡聚糖可稳定超过24小时。

General Description

Dextran is a polymer of anhydroglucose. It is composed of approximately 95% alpha-D-(166) linkages. The remaining (163) linkages account for the branching of dextran. Conflicting data on the branch lengths implies that the average branch length is less than three glucose units. However, other methods indicate branches of greater than 50 glucose units exist. Native dextran has been found to have a molecular weight (MW) in the range of 9 million to 500 million. Lower MW dextrans will exhibit slightly less branching and have a more narrow range of MW distribution. Dextrans with MW greater than 10,000 behave as if they are highly branched. As the MW increases, dextran molecules attain greater symmetry. Dextrans with MW of 2,000 to 10,000, exhibit the properties of an expandable coil. At MW below 2,000, dextran is more rod-like. The MW of dextran is measured by one or more of the following methods: low angle laser light scattering, size exclusion chromatography, copper-complexation and anthrone reagent colorometric reducing-end sugar determination and viscosity.

Application

FITC-dextran is used extensively in microcirculation and cell permeability research utilizing microfluorimetry. FITC-dextran has been used to study plant cell wall porosity and capillary permeability. Plasma proteins have been shown not to bind to FITC-dextran. FITC-dextran is used in cardiovascular, microcirculation, perfusion, cell monolayer and cell membrane permeability research as fluorescent flux tracer compound that supports the measurement of processes such as blood flow, membrane damage, vascular drainage and renal elimination. Small FITC-dextrans are also used to measure processes such as endocytosis and cell junction permeability. Fluorescein-dextran, 150 kDa may be used to help assess the integrity of the blood brain barrier (BBB) and to perform fluorescence microlymphography (FML). Fluorescein-dextran 150 is used as a microcirculation vascular flux tracer. Dextran labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate for possible use in perfusion studies in animals.

异硫氰酸荧光素-葡聚糖

一般描述

葡聚糖是葡萄糖酐聚合物。 由大约95%的α-D-(166)键组成。 剩余的(163)键是葡聚糖的分支。分支长度的冲突数据意味着平均分支长度小于三个葡萄糖单位。但是，其他方法表明存在大于 50 个葡萄糖单位的分支。已发现的天然葡聚糖分子量（MW）在900万至5亿范围内。MW较低的葡聚糖分支略少，MW分布范围较窄。MW大于10,000 的葡聚糖表现得似乎它们是高度支化的。 随着MW的增加，葡聚糖分子的对称性增强。 MW为2,000至10,000的葡聚糖表现出可膨胀线圈的特性。

应用

FITC-葡聚糖被广泛用于运用显微荧光法进行微循环和细胞通透性研究。 FITC-葡聚糖被用于植物细胞壁孔隙度和毛细血管通透性研究。研究表明，血浆蛋白不与FITC-葡聚糖结合。 FITC-葡聚糖在心血管、微循环、灌注、细胞单层和细胞膜通透性研究中用作荧光通量示踪化合物，可实现对血流、膜损伤、血管引流和肾脏清除等过程进行检测。小FITC-葡聚糖也可用于检测内吞作用和细胞连接通透性等过程。20kDa的荧光素-葡聚糖可用于研究细胞过程，例如内吞和渗透。 FITC-葡聚糖-20可用于研究内皮或上皮单层孔隙度、细胞层内顶端-基底外侧运动和细胞连接通透性。FITC-葡聚糖-20可用作模型化合物，以研究水凝胶和胶原微棒等结构的药物释放。 用异硫氰酸荧光素标记的葡聚糖可用于动物的灌注研究。

制备说明

通常以25 mg/ml或更高的浓度测试FITC葡聚糖在水中的溶解度。 溶液应避光保存。 在体内，FITC-葡聚糖稳定24小时以上。

General Description

Dextran is a polymer of anhydroglucose. It is composed of approximately 95% alpha-D-(166) linkages. The remaining (163) linkages account for the branching of dextran. Conflicting data on the branch lengths implies that the average branch length is less than three glucose units. However, other methods indicate branches of greater than 50 glucose units exist. Native dextran has been found to have a molecular weight (MW) in the range of 9 million to 500 million. Lower MW dextrans will exhibit slightly less branching and have a more narrow range of MW distribution. Dextrans with MW greater than 10,000 behave as if they are highly branched. As the MW increases, dextran molecules attain greater symmetry. Dextrans with MW of 2,000 to 10,000, exhibit the properties of an expandable coil. At MW below 2,000, dextran is more rod-like. The MW of dextran is measured by one or more of the following methods: low angle laser light scattering, size exclusion chromatography, copper-complexation and anthrone reagent colorometric reducing-end sugar determination and viscosity.

Application

FITC-dextran is used extensively in microcirculation and cell permeability research utilizing microfluorimetry. FITC-dextran has been used to study plant cell wall porosity and capillary permeability. Plasma proteins have been shown not to bind to FITC-dextran. FITC-dextran is used in cardiovascular, microcirculation, perfusion, cell monolayer and cell membrane permeability research as fluorescent flux tracer compound that supports the measurement of processes such as blood flow, membrane damage, vascular drainage and renal elimination. Small FITC-dextrans are also used to measure processes such as endocytosis and cell junction permeability. Fluorescein-dextran, 20kDa, may be used to study cell processes such as endocytosis and osmoporation. FITC-dextran-20 may be used to study endothelial or epithelial monolayer porosity, apical-basolateral movements within cell layers and cell junction permeability. FITC-dextran-20 may be used as a model compound to study drug release from structures such as hydrogens and collagen minirods. Dextran labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate for possible use in perfusion studies in animals.

异硫氰酸荧光素-葡聚糖

一般描述

葡聚糖是葡萄糖酐聚合物。由大约95%的α-D-(166)键组成。剩余的（163）键作为葡聚糖的分支。 天然葡聚糖的分子量(MW)经证实在 900 万至 5 亿的范围内。FITC-葡聚糖的最大激发波长为 490nm。它的 pH 范围为 5 至 9。

应用

用异硫氰酸荧光素标记的葡聚糖可用于动物的灌注研究。 异硫氰酸荧光素-葡聚糖（FITC-右旋糖酐，荧光素右旋糖酐，FITC）用于以下过程： 荧光素-葡聚糖显微镜。 评估多形核白细胞α防御素表达转基因小鼠体内肺血管的通透性。 通过流式细胞术定量细胞吞噬能力。 标记α乳白蛋白和脱氧核糖核酸酶。 FITC-葡聚糖广泛用于运用显微荧光法进行微循环和细胞通透性研究。它还适用于植物细胞壁孔隙度和毛细血管通透性研究。

其他说明

天然葡聚糖的分子量(MW)经证实在 900 万至 5 亿的范围内。较低分子量的葡聚糖将表现出略微较少的分支，并且具有更窄的分子量分布范围。分子量大于 10,000 的葡聚糖则表现为高度支化。 随着分子量增加，葡聚糖分子的对称性增强。 分子量为 2,000 至 10,000 的葡聚糖表现出可膨胀线圈的特性。 在分子量低于 2,000 时，葡聚糖更像棒状。通过以下一种或多种方法测量葡聚糖的分子量：低角度激光散射、尺寸排阻色谱法、铜络合和蒽酮试剂显色还原末端糖测定和粘度。

制备说明

通常以 25mg/ml 或更高的浓度测试 FITC 葡聚糖在水中的溶解度。 溶液应避光。 在体内，FITC-葡聚糖稳定超过 24 小时。

General Description

Dextran is a polymer of anhydroglucose. It is composed of approximately 95% α-D-(166) linkages. The remaining (163) linkages account for the branching of dextran. Native dextran has been found to have a molecular weight (MW) in the range of 9 million to 500 million. FITC-dextran has an excitation maximum of 490 nm. It has a pH range of 5 to 9.

Application

Fluorescein isothiocyanate–dextran (FITC-dextran, fluorescein-dextran, FITC) was used in the following processes: Fluorescein-dextran microscopy. To evaluate the in vivo pulmonary vascular permeability in polymorphonuclear leukocyte α-defensins expressing transgenic mice. To quantify endocytic activity by flow cytometry. To label α-lactalbumin and ribonuclease. FITC-dextran is suitable for extensive microcirculation and cell permeability research utilizing microfluorimetry. It is also suitable for the study of plant cell wall porosity and capillary permeability. Dextran labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate for possible use in perfusion studies in animals.

Other Notes

Native dextran has been found to have a molecular weight (MW) in the range of 9 million to 500 million. Lower MW dextrans will exhibit slightly less branching and have a more narrow range of MW distribution. Dextrans with MW greater than 10,000 behave as if they are highly branched. As the MW increases, dextran molecules attain greater symmetry. Dextrans with MW of 2,000 to 10,000, exhibit the properties of an expandable coil. At MW below 2,000, dextran is more rod-like. The MW of dextran is measured by one or more of the following methods: low angle laser light scattering, size exclusion chromatography, copper-complexation and anthrone reagent colorometric reducing-end sugar determination and viscosity.

荧光素酪酰胺

波长 Excitation/Emission    492/514 nm (pH 9)

General description：

Green fluorescent fluorescein tyramide conjugates are used for tyramide signal amplification (TSA), a method for high-density labeling of a target protein or nucleic acid in situ.

High-density labeling of a target protein or nucleic acid for enhanced immunofluorescence sensitivity

Especially suited for the detection of low abundance targets

Detection sensitivity of over 100-fold compared to conventional procedures

Enables multiplex multicolor detection, not limited by antibodies from the same host species

application：

Fluorescein tyramide can be used for tyramide signal amplification (TSA) for increasing immunofluorescence sensitivity in multicolor immunocytochemistry (ICC), immunohistochemistry (IHC), or in situ hybridization (ISH).

3,4,5,6-四氟荧光素二乙酸酯

萘基荧光素二醋酸酯